What non-compliance actually costs.
A running record of publicly reported TCPA and telemarketing outcomes — verdicts, settlements, and FCC enforcement — from Fortune 500 down to the mid-market operators. Every one began with ordinary outbound campaigns.
44 cases catalogued $2.1B+ in reported outcomes
Jury verdict
2019 · Direct sales
Jury found 1.8 million robocalls placed to former customers without valid prior express consent. The largest TCPA judgment on record, per public court filings.
Preventable by: consent-record inventory and pre-campaign screening.
FCC forfeiture
2023 · Auto warranties
The FCC’s largest robocall forfeiture, against an operation behind billions of auto-warranty calls, per the agency’s public release.
Preventable by: not being anywhere near unconsented prerecorded traffic.
FCC forfeiture
2021 · Health insurance leads
FCC forfeiture over roughly one billion spoofed robocalls pitching short-term health plans. Lead buyers downstream faced their own scrutiny.
Preventable by: vetting where purchased leads and transfers originate.
FCC forfeiture
2018 · Travel robocalls
FCC forfeiture over nearly 100 million spoofed “vacation deal” robocalls, per the agency’s public release.
Preventable by: caller-ID integrity and consent-based dialing.
FCC forfeiture
2018 · Insurance leads
FCC forfeiture over more than 21 million health-insurance robocalls placed with spoofed caller ID.
Preventable by: refusing lead sources built on illegal traffic.
Settlement
2017 · Travel
Reported settlement over prerecorded “free cruise” survey calls to millions. Liability extended to marketing partners who never placed a call.
Preventable by: vendor-traffic monitoring and documented consent chains.
Settlement
2014 · Financial services
Reported settlement over autodialed collection calls to cell phones, including reassigned numbers. At the time, the largest TCPA settlement reached.
Preventable by: reassigned-number screening before each campaign.
Court judgment
2017 · Telecom / retail
Court trebled damages over calls by an authorized dealer to DNC-registry numbers — with liability imputed to Dish for its vendor’s conduct.
Preventable by: continuous DNC scrubbing across vendor traffic.
Court judgment
2016 · Transportation
Reported judgment over marketing texts sent without the consent the statute requires. Texts carry the same per-message damages as calls.
Preventable by: SMS consent verification before each send.
Settlement
2013 · Auto services
Reported settlement over promotional texts sent to customers without documented consent — one of the earliest large SMS class outcomes.
Preventable by: documented opt-in records for every SMS list.
Settlement
2023 · Real estate
Reported settlement over agent calls to National DNC Registry numbers. Claims reached the franchisor despite decentralized, agent-led operations.
Preventable by: centralized scrubbing and per-agent compliance documentation.
Settlement
2014 · Banking
Reported settlement over autodialed and prerecorded account calls to cell phones without the required consent.
Preventable by: consent capture tied to each phone number on file.
Settlement
2013 · Banking
Reported settlement over autodialed mortgage and credit-card servicing calls to cell phones alleged to lack prior express consent.
Preventable by: screening servicing campaigns, not just marketing.
Settlement
2017 · Banking
Reported settlement over autodialed collection calls to cell phones, including numbers reassigned to new owners.
Preventable by: reassigned-number screening on every dial list.
Settlement
2018 · Home security
Reported settlement over telemarketing calls placed by authorized dealers — another case where dealer conduct produced liability upstream.
Preventable by: monitoring dealer and affiliate call traffic.
Settlement
2012 · Student lending
Reported settlement over autodialed loan-servicing calls to cell phones without prior express consent.
Preventable by: consent verification at the account level.
Settlement
2016 · Debt collection
Reported settlement over high-volume autodialed collection calls to cell phones alleged to lack consent.
Preventable by: pre-dial screening of purchased account portfolios.
Settlement
2013 · Restaurant franchise
Reported settlement over promotional texts sent by franchisees through a third-party vendor. The brand absorbed the headline either way.
Preventable by: franchise-wide SMS consent standards and audits.
Settlement
2015 · Fitness
Reported settlement over marketing texts sent to members and former members without the consent the statute requires.
Preventable by: opt-in records and suppression of former-customer lists.
Settlement
2017 · Travel marketing
Reported settlement over cruise-line robocalls placed by a marketing vendor — the cruise brands were named alongside it.
Preventable by: auditing what vendors do in your name.
Settlement
2015 · Research
Reported settlement over autodialed survey calls to cell phones. Even non-sales calls can carry statutory exposure without consent.
Preventable by: screening research and survey traffic like marketing.
Settlement
2014 · Pharmacy
Reported settlement over prerecorded prescription and flu-shot reminder calls alleged to exceed the scope of customer consent.
Preventable by: matching call content to the consent actually given.
Settlement
2014 · Retail
Reported settlement over promotional texts sent to customers without documented prior express consent.
Preventable by: SMS opt-in capture at the point of sale.
Settlement
2013 · Restaurant franchise
Reported settlement over franchisee promotional texts. Decentralized marketing without centralized compliance is a recurring pattern.
Preventable by: one compliance standard across every location.
Settlement
2014 · Financial services
Reported settlement over marketing texts sent after consumers completed transactions, allegedly without valid consent.
Preventable by: separating transactional and marketing consent.
Settlement
2023 · Solar · name withheld
Solar dealer network sued over prerecorded “utility savings” calls placed by commissioned setters using shared lead lists. Figures rounded; public dockets.
Preventable by: screening and documenting every setter’s dial traffic.
Settlement
2023 · Home warranties · name withheld
Multi-state telemarketer sued over outbound calls to DNC-registered numbers from purchased lists. Figures rounded; public dockets.
Preventable by: DNC scrubbing on every purchased list, every time.
Settlement
2024 · Solar · name withheld
Installer sued over calls transferred in from an offshore call center it had never audited — pre-dialed and unconsented. Figures rounded; public dockets.
Preventable by: auditing upstream call centers before accepting transfers.
Settlement
2024 · Solar · name withheld
Installer sued over aged internet leads dialed without verifiable consent records. The lead vendor’s paperwork did not survive discovery. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: consent verification before aged leads are ever dialed.
Settlement
2023 · Financial services · name withheld
Marketer sued over autodialed calls to consumers who had revoked consent — revocations were never propagated to the dialer. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: syncing opt-outs across every system within days.
Settlement
2024 · Lending · name withheld
Lender sued over refinance campaigns to DNC-registered numbers sourced from a data broker. Figures rounded; public dockets.
Preventable by: screening broker data before it reaches loan officers.
Settlement
2023 · Solar · name withheld
Lead generator sued over SMS to consumers whose “consent” came from an unrelated sweepstakes site. Its installer clients were named alongside it.
Preventable by: one-to-one consent verification before any text is sent.
Settlement
2024 · HVAC · name withheld
HVAC operator sued over seasonal tune-up campaigns dialed to past customers on the DNC registry whose service consent had lapsed. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: refreshing consent status on customer lists before campaigns.
Settlement
2023 · Automotive · name withheld
Dealership group sued over service-reminder and promotional texts sent without documented opt-in. Figures rounded; public dockets.
Preventable by: opt-in records tied to every number texted.
Settlement
2022 · Home security · name withheld
Dealer sued over outbound calls on transferred leads it believed a vendor had qualified. The consent chain broke one hop upstream. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: auditing the full consent chain, not the vendor’s word.
Settlement
2024 · Real estate · name withheld
Brokerage sued over agent cold-calling of expired listings and FSBO numbers on the DNC registry. Figures rounded; public dockets.
Preventable by: agent-level scrubbing before prospecting sessions.
Settlement
2023 · HVAC · name withheld
Franchise sued after a location’s vendor dialed purchased homeowner lists without scrubbing — liability reached the franchisor. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: one scrubbing standard across all locations and vendors.
Settlement
2023 · Fitness · name withheld
Chain sued over win-back texts to lapsed members who had cancelled — and with cancellation, their consent. Figures rounded; public dockets.
Preventable by: suppressing former customers from SMS campaigns.
Settlement
2024 · Home services · name withheld
Franchise sued over seasonal promotion calls to prior customers whose consent had lapsed or was never recorded. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: treating past customers as unconsented until proven otherwise.
Settlement
2024 · HVAC · name withheld
Marketer sued over renewal robocalls to lapsed maintenance-plan members — prerecorded voice without separate consent. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: treating prerecorded campaigns as their own consent tier.
Settlement
2024 · Health & beauty · name withheld
Medspa sued over appointment and promotion texts blended into one stream — marketing content under transactional consent. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: separating marketing and transactional messaging.
Settlement
2024 · Home services · name withheld
Contractor sued over unscrubbed storm-lead lists. A mid-market operator with modest volumes — six figures plus defense costs. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: a monthly scrub costing less than one defense hour.
Settlement
2023 · Home services · name withheld
Mover sued over quote follow-up calls that continued after consumers asked to stop — no internal DNC list existed. Figures rounded.
Preventable by: an internal do-not-call list honored within days.
About this data: Outcomes are compiled from public court records, regulatory press releases, and news reporting; figures are as publicly reported and may be approximate. A settlement is not an admission of liability or wrongdoing. Entries marked “name withheld” are drawn from public dockets involving small and mid-size companies, with identifying details removed and figures rounded. Comply iV is a data and compliance operations company, not a law firm — nothing on this page is legal advice or a prediction of any outcome.
The headlines are Fortune 500. The dockets are mid-market.
Nine-figure verdicts make the news, but most TCPA actions target companies with 50–500 employees — home services, insurance, real estate, solar, lending. Plaintiff firms run data operations that surface violators automatically. Size is not a defense; documentation is.
TCPA class actions filed, 2025
Year-over-year growth in filings
Average class settlement
Statutory damages, per call or text
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